…and 19th century), against colonial occupation, against totalitarian one-party states (1989-90), and against banana-republic strongmen (20th century). But what does revolution look like in developed democracies ruled by entrenched administrative…

…significantly to global greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and planetary warming over the past century. Decarbonizing the global economy by mid-century to avoid dangerous climate change thus cannot occur without a…

… In Philosophie des Geldes, Simmel had written: Custom work, which predominated among medieval craftsmen and which rapidly declined only during the last century, gave the consumer a personal relationship to the commodity….

…Century if the Russian people wanted so much to be in the 21st? History doesn’t (can’t) repeat itself, but humans can and often do repeat the mistakes of the past….

…his 1750 lecture that there were four economic stages of society: hunter-gatherers, pastoral, agriculture, and finally commercial society. Nearly 200 years later, Isabel Paterson described the “only four general ways…

…of government 2. Prefers severe economic and social regimentation 3. Believes in forcible suppression of the opposition 4. Strongly opposes socialism, liberalism, and democracy 5. Believes in extreme militarism 6….

…culmination of long-simmering movements in legal and economic thought. Movements reflected both in scholarship and in judicial opinions from the earliest days of the 20th century in places like Justice Oliver…

…Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears: They have come to resurrect Caesar. MAGA Republican leaders take umbrage at being accused of ‘semi-fascism,‘ which is understandable: Twentieth-century dictators such as Mussolini…

…any point in the past half century, jobless claims on the order of 300,000/week (as they were 1 year ago) would have been considered very good indeed. So, this remains…

…India around the Cape of Good Hope. From the 16th century onwards, Portuguese conquests on both coasts of Africa—often achieved through brutal means and justified by appeals to Christian conversion…